Pengertian Subject-Verb Agreement
Subject-verb agreement adalah persesuaian antara verb (kata kerja) dengan subject kalimat dalam halnumber, yaitu: singular (tunggal) atau plural (jamak). Subjek dapat berupa noun (kata benda), pronoun (kata ganti), atau konstruksi lain yang berakting sebagai noun, seperti gerund dan infinitive. Pada dasarnya, singular subject (subjek tunggal) menggunakan singular verb (kata kerja tunggal), sedangkan plural subject (subjek jamak) menggunakan plural verb (kata kerja jamak).
Subject-Verb Agreement (Umum)
Secara umum pada bentuk present tense, singular verb berupa base form (bentuk dasar) dari verb dengan ditambahkan ending (akhiran) -s. Adapun pada plural verbtanpa ditambahkan ending -s (sebaliknya, plural subject ditambahkan ending -s). Aturan kata kerja ini berlaku pula pada subjek berupa third person (orang ketiga, contoh: Ricky, Anna) dan semua personal pronoun (they, we= jamak; he, she, it= tunggal), kecuali I dan you. Walaupun berupa subjek tunggal, I dan youdipasangkan dengan kata kerja bentuk jamak (tidak termasuk verb “be” (was, am) pada “I”).
Secara umum pada bentuk present tense, singular verb berupa base form (bentuk dasar) dari verb dengan ditambahkan ending (akhiran) -s. Adapun pada plural verbtanpa ditambahkan ending -s (sebaliknya, plural subject ditambahkan ending -s). Aturan kata kerja ini berlaku pula pada subjek berupa third person (orang ketiga, contoh: Ricky, Anna) dan semua personal pronoun (they, we= jamak; he, she, it= tunggal), kecuali I dan you. Walaupun berupa subjek tunggal, I dan youdipasangkan dengan kata kerja bentuk jamak (tidak termasuk verb “be” (was, am) pada “I”).
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Any +
singular noun
|
Some +
singular noun
|
every
|
Each
|
|
|
anybody
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Nobody
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Somebody
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Everybody
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Either
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|
Anyone
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No one
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Someone
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Everyone
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Neither
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Anything
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Nothing
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Something
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Everything
|
|
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Congress
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Family
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Group
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Committee
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Class
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Organization
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Team
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Army
|
Club
|
Crowd
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Goverment
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Jury
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Majority
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Minority
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Public
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Flock of birds, sheep
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Herd of cattle
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Pack of dogs
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School of fish
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Pride of lions.
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Scissors
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Trousers
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Shorts
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Glasses
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Pants
|
|
Pliers
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Jeans
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Tweezers
|
Tongs
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Contoh:
There is a bottle of milk on the table.
Perhatikaan beberapa
kalimat berikut:
o I
go to the school by bus everyday.
o She
goes to the school by bus everyday.
o The
mouse eats the cake on the table.
o The
mice eat the cake on the table.
o The
child is playing.
o The
children are playing.
Penggunaan verb dalam
sebuah kalimat harus sesuai dengan subject kalimat tersebut. Ini yang dimaksud
dengan subject-verb agreement. Hal ini sering menjebak
seseorang ketika mengerjakan tes TOEFL. Perhatikan rumus-rumus berikut:
Subject yang
dipisahkan dari Verb
Subjectsingular +
[preposition phrase] + verbsingular
Subjectplural +
[preposition phrase] + verbplural
beberapa kata yang
selalu diikuti oleh singular verbs dan singular pronouns
Note: either dan
neither adalah singular jika tidak diikuti dengan or dan nor
Contoh:
ü Everybody who brings the
ticket can enter the room.
ü Anybody who has not
paid the ticket should buy the ticket on the locket first.
ü If either of
them has not takes a break now, they won’t be able to finish
their work.
None/no
None dan no dapat diikuti oleh verb plural maupun singular,
tergantung noun yang mengikuti none.
None + of the +
noncount noun + verbsingular
None + of the + count
nounplural + verbplural
Contoh:
ü None
of the milk in the bottle has been
drunk.
ü None
of the students have finished the
homework.
No + singular
noun/noncount noun + verbsingular
No + plural noun +
plural verb
Contoh:
ü No student is out
of classroom.
ü No students are out
of classroom.
Either/neither
Ketika dalam
kalimat either/neither diikuti oleh or/nor, verb yang
digunakan dapat berupa verb singular atau pluraltergantung noun yang
mengikuti or/nor (singular/plural noun).
Either/neither + noun
+ or/nor + nounsingular + verbsingular
Either/neither + noun
+ or/nor + nounplural + verbplural
Contoh:
ü Either Rob or his
friends are going to school today.
ü Either Rob or his friend is going
to school today.
ü Neither Rick nor his
brother likes sport.
ü Neither Rick nor his
sisters like sport
Collective nouns
Collective nouns adalah kata yang menunjukkan sekelompok benda (noun) dalam
bentuk singular, sehingga verb yang mengikutinya
juga dalam bentuk singular.
Note: majority dapat
berupa singular atau plural. Jika berdiri sendiri
berarti singular, jika diikuti plural noun berarti plural.
Contoh:
ü The
majority wants to come in the ceremony tonight.
ü The
majority of the students want to come in the ceremony
tonight.
ü The
committee has decided new rules for this year.
ü The
family is going to vacation this holiday.
ü The
team plays football every week.
Beberapa kata berikut
menunjukkan sekelompok binatang.
Contoh:
ü The
flock of birds is flying over the sea.
ü The
herd of cattle is eating at the field.
ü A
school of fish is swimming across the water fall.
Collective nouns yang
mengindikasikan time, money, dan measurements juga
diikuti oleh singular verb.
ü Thirty-seven
dollars is not enough to pay those pants.
ü Forty
minutes is too long to finish the job.
ü Three
miles is too far to walk.
A number of/the number
of
A number of diikuti
oleh plural noun dan plural verb, sedangkan the
number of diikuti oleh plural noun dan singular
verb.
A number of +
nounplural + verbplural
The number of + nounplurar + verbsingular
ü A
number of students are going back from vacation.
ü The
number of days in January is thirty one.
A number of menunjukkan jumlah, yang berarti plural. The
number of menunjukkan angka.
Nouns yang selalu berupa plural
Kata benda (nouns) berikut
selalu berbentuk jamak (plural) dan tidak pernah dapat berubah
menjadi bentuj tunggal(singular), sehingga verb yang
mengikuti adalah verb plural. Kecuali ditambahkan pair
of sebelumnya.
Contoh:
ü The
pants on the table are yours.
ü A pair
of pants on the table is yours.
There is/there are
There + is/was/has
been + singular subject + ...
There + are/were/have
been + plural subject + ...
ü
There was an accident last
week.
ü
There have been a number of people looking
for you.
ü
There are a lot of books at the library.
Berikut soal Subject - Verb agreement.
Selamat mengerjakan !
Is the sentences correct or incorrect!
1.
I going to the school by bus everyday.
2.
She go to the school by bus everyday.
3.
The mouse eats the cake on the table.
4. The
stars shine.
5.
Leo rarely eats white bread
6.
You going straight ahead then turn left
7.
My boss always comes on
time.
8.
They are like eating out.
9.
He is not working.
10.
I willing have been sleeping for
an hour when you arrive.
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